MELBOURNE, Oct. 10 (Xinhua) -- Researchers in Australia say adding genomic sequencing to standard newborn blood screening would identify hundreds more treatable childhood conditions, enabling lifesaving early diagnoses.
A baby's genome, which stays with them for life, could also be re-examined if a health issue arises during their lifetime, according to a statement released Friday by Australia's Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI).
Published in Nature Medicine, the study found that genomic screening, a test that reveals a person's entire genetic makeup, could be integrated into the national newborn heel-prick screening and deliver results for hundreds of treatable conditions within 14 days, it said, adding the current standard heel-prick test, offered to all Australian newborns, covers 32 conditions.
The BabyScreen+ study, led by MCRI and the Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, screened 1,000 newborns in the Australian state of Victoria for 605 genes linked to early-onset, severe, treatable conditions using genome sequencing.
Sixteen babies showed a heightened risk of genetic condition, only one of which was detected by the standard newborn screening, researchers said, citing one baby diagnosed with rare and severe immunodeficiency and successfully treated with a bone marrow transplant after early detection.
"Newborn screening for rare conditions is one of the most effective public health interventions," said MCRI Professor Zornitza Stark.
Researchers said more widespread use of genomic screening could rapidly diagnose and treat rare diseases, including childhood cancers, as well as cardiac and neurological disorders.
However, MCRI Associate Professor Sebastian Lunke cautioned that practical and ethical concerns with newborn genomic sequencing, and issues including cost, equity, data storage, access and maintaining ongoing consent as a child becomes an adult would need to be addressed. ■
